Abstract: Based on the analysis of the Airbus A320 aircraft structure, the study on the simplification and modeling method of large commercial aircraft has been carried out. The finite element calculation model of large commercial aircraft is established and the appropriate mesh size is chosen. By comparing the numerical simulation and the theoretical calculation results, the rationality of the finite element model of the commercial aircraft and the reliability of the calculation method are verified. The finite element calculation model of the large commercial aircraft can be used for analyzing the impact loading characteristics of the aircraft. Numerical simulation of the structural response safety evaluation under the impact of aircraft can be directly performed.