Abstract: During the impact, the aircraft fuselage and its engine are considered soft and hard separately so that can be treated separately. The progressive crushing of an aircraft fuselage under extreme axial impact is a mixture process of highly nonlinear deformation, fracture and fragmentation, which will mainly affect the time history of the impact load. The research adopted the explicit FEA method to simulate the scaled aircraft fuselage impact test, and the Johnson Cook material model and failure model were used. The simulated result agrees well with the test result and Riera theory calculation, which indicated the computation method and material model were reasonable and could be applied to the numerical simulation of large commercial aircrafts impact load. At the same time, the practicality of Riera theory was demonstrated.