Abstract: Based on the total water from 1990 to 2011, this study take Beijing for an example to assess the water resource carrying capacity and predict the water resource carrying capacity in the year of 2015 and 2020. Ecological footprint was conducted to evaluate the water resource including agricultural, industry, domestic, and environmental water consumptions. The results indicates that the domestic and environmental water resource ecological footprint has an increasing trend, whereas agricultural and industrial water resource ecological footprint shows a decreasing trend. Even taking the South to North water transfer project, the water supply still not meet the serious water demand in Beijing with 10⁹m³ of water shortage in 2020. Therefore, rational policies and measures should be established and implemented to make sure efficient water utilization in Beijing.