钨合金弹丸超高速撞击的分子动力学研究

Molecular Dynamic Investigation of Hypervelocity Impact by a Tungsten Alloy Projectile

  • 摘要: 针对高速穿甲与空间碎片超高速撞击航天器材的防护性能以及损伤破坏模式的问题,采用分子动力学方法,运用EAM势对钨合金弹丸超高速撞击靶板的动力学行为进行了数值模拟,定性研究了弹丸尺度、弹丸速度、靶板厚度以及材料模型对靶板穿孔、靶板破坏与碎片云形成的影响以及相应规律. 研究结果表明:同一时刻空筒蘑菇形碎片云的径向与轴向距离随弹丸直径、撞击速度的提高而增加. 反溅粒子与粒子堆积高度随弹丸直径、撞击速度提高而增加. 将分子动力学模拟结果与高质量试验结果进行了相应对比,模拟的碎片云形状、反溅粒子以及粒子堆积等特征与试验基本吻合,验证了利用分子动力学方法的有效性.

     

    Abstract: An investigation of hypervelocity impact (HVI) has been performed by molecular dynamic (MD) method to study the high velocity penetration problem and the protection properties as well as the damage pattern of HVI on the spacecraft by the on-orbit debris. The numerical simulations of HVI by a Tungsten alloy projectile on a target were conducted by using EAM potential function. In addition, HVI on the penetrated hole on the target, the damage to the target, the generation of the debris cloud from the projectile size, the projectile velocity, the target thickness and the material models were explored qualitatively. It can be observed that the radial and axial distances of the debris cloud, the backward ejecta and the particle stack height become larger with the increase of the projectile diameter and the impact velocity. Moreover, the MD simulated results are compared with the high quality experimental results. The results indicate that the simulated debris cloud shape, backward ejecta and the particle stack height all fit well to the experimental results, verifying the effectiveness of the investigation using MD method.

     

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