Abstract: A new type of aerial target location mathod by a passive ground electrostatic detection system is studied. The target location equation of the electrostatic detection system is derived based on electrostatic detection theory and round array location method, and the error of this method is analyzed with the help of error theory. The results of the error simulation match with the error theory prediction. The result of the error simulation and the error theory analysis indicate that a distant aerial target can be detected by the passive ground electrostatic detection system with a round array arrangement.