Abstract: According to the asymmetry and nonlinearity of the symmetrical valve controlled asymmetrical piston system, in order to improve control precision of the system, the work characteristic of the system is analyzed, then a new control method based on the cerebellar model articulation controller(CMAC) is advanced, and the CMAC compound controller is designed. Experiments have been developed to verify the effectivity of the new compound control method, and the results compared with PID control show that the new method based on CMAC needn't obtain the mathematic model and the loading condition accurately, which is suitable for the real-time control of symmetrical valve controlled asymmetrical piston system.