Abstract: A fuzzy control algorithm of asymmetric fuzzy strategy is introduced for a pneumatic position system. It can effectively solve the problems of single rod cylinders that are mainly caused by asymmetric structures and different friction characteristics in two directions. On the basis of this algorithm, a traditional PID control is used to improve the dynamic performance. Furthermore, a new asymmetric fuzzy PID control with the α factor is advanced to improve the self-adaptability and robustness of the system. Both theoretical analyses and experimental results proved that, with this strategy, the dynamic performance of the system can be much improved. The system using this control algorithm has strong robustness and it obtains the desired percentage overshoot and repeatability in both transient and steady-state responses.