Abstract: Aim To eliminate existing deficiencies in the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of the flexible manufacturing cell, such as slow communication, simple monitoring tactics, liability of false, detection or negligence in detection, and so on. Methods From the analysis of faults information on machine running conditions is collected by parallel communication between the monitoring system and PLC in the machine, vibration signal is detected by neural network forecasting model, expert system is used to fuse the fault information and realize simple and accuracy diagnosis of the faults. Results The general frame-work of the monitoring and diagnosing system for the machining center is presented, and the specific tactics realized such as all the necessary detected signals, method of detection for each signal, the simple and accurate methods of diagnosis etc. are proposed. Conclusion The proposed scheme and methods are quick, reliable and effective as have been testified by actual analysis and experiments based on the machining center in the Changchun FMS Center.