Abstract: Motivations leading to the field of intelligent control and some of its implica- tions, including the prevailing ones , are discussed . Acording to the demand on control techaiques from engineenring practice in the world of today, a complex hierarchicalarcbitecure of intelligence is in reality implied in the term"intelligent" control Intelli-gence.involved in the brains of modem human beings can be visualized as forming the higbest level, below which are various levels representing those of the various living beings Furthermore, there are different levels of intelligence in diffent organic functions, even in the same kind of living beings. The complex architecture of intelligence asimplied in the term "intelligent" control is ,analyed from the point of view of the theory of evolution. lt is emphasized that the evolutionary process is itself a process ofthe nature,but in essence not an intelligent process in itself This imtplies that in the area of intellgent computation which includes evolutionary algorithms as a main branch, the term " intelligent" originates from man-machine interactions occuring in these algorthms, rather than from the process of evolution simulated Man-machine interaction plays an important role in the integrated intelligent control system that exploits both macbine and human intelligence and is at a higher level than the autono - mous intellgent system in the hierarchical architeture.