Abstract: A new wave of scientific and technological innovation and industrial transformation, driven by disruptive technologies, is fundamentally reshaping the global economic structure and the dynamics of international competition. From the perspective of current trends in scientific and technological development, interdisciplinary integration has become the inevitable pathway for the advancement of disruptive technologies. Against this backdrop, this paper examines the developmental characteristics of disruptive technologies from an interdisciplinary perspective. Taking organ-on-a-chip technology and bio-quantum sensing technology as illustrative cases, it identifies the clusters of disciplines associated with key disruptive technologies and, through knowledge mapping, demonstrates their highly comprehensive and integrated interdisciplinary nature. Finally, the paper puts forward recommendations in five areas: placing greater emphasis on interdisciplinary integration, consolidating the foundation of basic scientific research, fostering interdisciplinary talent cultivation, optimizing the nurturing environment for disruptive technologies, and accelerating their industrial application. These insights aim to provide useful references for advancing disruptive technologies in emerging interdisciplinary frontiers and for promoting the building of a leading science and technology nation.