Factor-graph-based iterative channel estimation and signal detection algorithm over time-varying frequency-selective fading channels

The problem of soft-input soft-output (SISO) detection for time-varying frequency-selective fading channels is considered. Based on a suitably-designed factor graph and the sum-product algorithm, a low-complexity iterative message passing scheme is proposed for joint channel estimation, equalization and decoding. Two kinds of schedules (parallel and serial) are adopted in message updates to produce two algorithms with different latency. The computational complexity per iteration of the proposed algorithms grows only linearly with the channel length, which is a significantly decrease compared to the optimal maximum a posteriori (MAP) detection with the exponential complexity. Computer simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes in terms of bit error rate performance.